History and Making of Indian constitution-Test 1

Answer: Option B

Explanation

Diarchy is a system of double government. It is introduced in India under Montague-Chlemsford reforms through Government of India Act, 1919 in the provinces of British India. It marked the first introduction of the democratic principle into the executive branch of the British government of India.

Answer: Option C

Explanation

The Indian Legislature was made bi-cameral for the first time by the Government of India Act, of 1919. Other reforms under thjis act are as follows,

1. Based on Montague-Chlemsford reforms this act introduced diarchy in provinces and it was a substantial step for the transfer of powers to Indians. Montague was the Secretary and Chlemsford was the viceroy of the state of India.
2. Central subjects were separated from the provincial subjects.
3. This act also introduced bicameralism and direct elections in India. It must be noted here that these elections were communal in nature.
4. This act required that 3 of the 6 members of the executive council of Governor General to be Indians.

Answer: Option A

Explanation

In the Federation under the Act of 1935 residuary powers were given to the federal legislature. Other provisions of this act are as follows,

1. This act established all India federation with provinces and princely states as its units
2. This act divided the powers between] the center and this unit in terms of three lists namely, Federal list, Provincial list and concurrent list.
3. Residuary powers were vested with the Governor General
4. This act abolished diarchy and introduced provincial autonomy
5. It provided for diarchy at the center and bicameralism in 6 of the 11 provinces

Answer: Option D

Explanation

Two independent states of India and Pakistan were created by the Indian Independence Act, 1947. It is an Act of the Parliament of the UK that partitioned British India into the two new independent dominions of India and Pakistan. The Act received the royal assent on 18 July 1947, and thus Pakistan and India came into being on 15 August. This act ended the British rule in India.

Answer: Option C

Explanation

The Parliament adopted Indian Constitution in the year, 1950. It was taken by the Constituent Assembly of India on 26 November 1949 and became effective on 26 January 1950. The constitution replaced the Government of India Act, 1935 as the country's fundamental governing document, and the Dominion of India became the Republic of India.